\u010ceskou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu p\u0159irozen\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed i slova poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z ciz\u00edch jazyk\u016f, v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dek\u00e1d\u00e1ch mezi nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinu pat\u0159\u00ed bezesporu p\u0159ej\u00edmky z\u00a0angli\u010dtiny. Anglicismy v\u0161ak nejsou jedin\u00e9 ciz\u00ed prvky, kter\u00e9 \u010de\u0161tina integruje do sv\u00e9ho jazykov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Nezapom\u00ednejme, \u017ee v na\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u010di pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me i vlastn\u00ed jm\u00e9na, \u010dasto rovn\u011b\u017e poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z jin\u00fdch jazyk\u016f, kter\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b adaptuj\u00ed do slo\u017eit\u00e9ho gramatick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu \u010de\u0161tiny. N\u011bkdy dokonce s pomoc\u00ed propri\u00ed vznikaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 fraz\u00e9my. Importovan\u00fd v\u00fdraz, a\u0165 u\u017e z oblasti jmen obecn\u00fdch nebo vlastn\u00edch, v\u0161ak nemus\u00ed v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b odpov\u00eddat podob\u011b, jakou m\u00e1 v zemi p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n
Poj\u010fme si to uk\u00e1zat na zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch n\u00e1zvech. Jak nap\u0159\u00edklad vzpom\u00edn\u00e1te na prvn\u00ed lockdown<\/a><\/em> a plo\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159echod na pr\u00e1ci z domova \u2013 neboli home office<\/em>? N\u011bkdo zapojil zlat\u00e9 \u010desk\u00e9 ru\u010di\u010dky<\/em>,\u00a0\u0161il rou\u0161ky nebo kutil. U n\u011bkoho doma to zase mo\u017en\u00e1 byla \u00fapln\u00e1 It\u00e1lie<\/em>, n\u011bkdo si naopak u\u017eil po\u0159\u00e1dnou Havaj<\/em>. I kdyby jen v podob\u011b pizzy s ananasem. Exotick\u00e9 sladk\u00e9 ovoce kontroverzn\u011b um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 na italskou slanou placku strh\u00e1v\u00e1 na\u0161i pozornost natolik, \u017ee u\u017e obvykle nep\u00e1tr\u00e1me, odkud tato spole\u010densky konfliktn\u00ed receptura poch\u00e1z\u00ed \u2013 a \u017ee ji vytvo\u0159il Kana\u010fan s\u00a0\u0159eck\u00fdmi ko\u0159eny, inspirovan\u00fd \u010d\u00ednsk\u00fdmi recepty, kter\u00e9 kombinuj\u00ed sladk\u00e9 a slan\u00e9 chut\u011b.<\/p>\n N\u00e1zev pizza Havaj<\/em> tedy neprozrazuje sm\u011br importu, ale rys, kter\u00fd s Havaj\u00ed spojuje n\u011bkdo \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed mimo toto souostrov\u00ed. N\u00e1rodnostn\u00ed kli\u0161\u00e9 toti\u017e ciz\u00ed realitu n\u011bkdy skute\u010dn\u011b odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed, mnohdy v\u0161ak sp\u00ed\u0161e ukazuj\u00ed, jak ji interpretujeme my. Ostatn\u011b podobn\u011b je to pr\u00e1v\u011b i s ciz\u00edmi slovy v \u010de\u0161tin\u011b, jak n\u00e1m mohou ilustrovat p\u0159ej\u00edmky z \u00favodu t\u00e9to uk\u00e1zky. Zat\u00edmco lockdown<\/em> se v angli\u010dtin\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1, home office<\/em> jen klame t\u011blem a do angli\u010dtiny by pot\u0159eboval p\u0159elo\u017eit fr\u00e1z\u00ed to work from home<\/em>. Prvn\u00ed z anglicism\u016f reflektuje, jak to v angli\u010dtin\u011b doopravdy je, druh\u00fd, jak my si mysl\u00edme, \u017ee by mohlo.<\/p>\n Jist\u011b v\u00e1s p\u0159i vzpom\u00ednce na pandemickou uzav\u00edrku napadnou i dal\u0161\u00ed \u010desk\u00e1 souslov\u00ed postaven\u00e1 na zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch n\u00e1zvech. T\u0159eba \u017ee n\u011bkdo za\u010dal p\u00edt jako D\u00e1n<\/em> (stereotyp podpo\u0159en\u00fd prohnilou atmosf\u00e9rou kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed d\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho zobrazenou v\u00a0Hamletovi), n\u011bkdo zase d\u0159el jako Bulhar<\/em> (odkaz na bulharsk\u00e9 zelin\u00e1\u0159e meziv\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9ho \u010ceskoslovenska, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ekra\u010dovali z\u00e1konem na\u0159\u00edzenou pracovn\u00ed dobu). Nebo \u017ee se z \u0159ady \u010dinnost\u00ed stala rusk\u00e1 ruleta<\/em> (v ru\u0161tin\u011b skute\u010dn\u011b russkaja ruletka<\/em>), u n\u011bkoho mo\u017en\u00e1 hrozil a\u017e stockholmsk\u00fd syndrom<\/em> (podle skute\u010dn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu rukojm\u00edch dr\u017een\u00fdch p\u0159i bankovn\u00ed loupe\u017ei ve Stockholmu). Na n\u011bkter\u00e9 ciz\u00ed v\u00fdrazy se m\u016f\u017eeme alespo\u0148 do ur\u010dit\u00e9 m\u00edry spolehnout i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, je v\u0161ak dobr\u00e9 m\u00edt na pam\u011bti, \u017ee mnoh\u00e9 z nich jsou platn\u00e9 jen u n\u00e1s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u010ceskou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu p\u0159irozen\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed i slova poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z ciz\u00edch jazyk\u016f, v\u00a0posledn\u00edch dek\u00e1d\u00e1ch mezi nejv\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed skupinu pat\u0159\u00ed bezesporu p\u0159ej\u00edmky z\u00a0angli\u010dtiny. Anglicismy v\u0161ak nejsou jedin\u00e9 ciz\u00ed prvky, kter\u00e9 \u010de\u0161tina integruje do sv\u00e9ho jazykov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu. Nezapom\u00ednejme, \u017ee v na\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u010di pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me i vlastn\u00ed jm\u00e9na, \u010dasto rovn\u011b\u017e poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z jin\u00fdch jazyk\u016f, kter\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 n\u00e1sledn\u011b adaptuj\u00ed do slo\u017eit\u00e9ho … Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed textu Stereotypy ciz\u00ed, nebo na\u0161e vlastn\u00ed?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[36,191,190],"class_list":["post-712","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aktuality","tag-anglicismus","tag-prirovnani","tag-stereotyp"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=712"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":718,"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/712\/revisions\/718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=712"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=712"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nastenka.neologismy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=712"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}